Commercial Production is the process of bringing hydrocarbons to the surface and making them ready for processing. The first thing that has to be done before the Commercial Production commences is to drill a well in the earth’s surface with the help of rigs. After the well is drilled then Commercial Production involving extraction and separation of hydrocarbons from gas, liquid hydrocarbons, solids and water commences. It also involves the removal of non salable components and selling of gas and liquid hydrocarbons.
Oil and gas is produced in almost every part of the world today. Commercial Production process starts after the drilling of an oil well with the help of oil rigs. This process is divided into three stages, i.e., primary recovery, secondary recovery and enhanced recovery.
In the primary recovery stage, the pressure generated from the reservoir forces the hydrocarbons to move up to the surface from the well. At times, when the pressure in the reservoir is not high enough to push the hydrocarbons up to the surface, electrical submersible pumps and beam pumps are used.
In the secondary recovery stage, external energy is supplied to the reservoir when there is insufficient pressure in the well to bring the oil to the surface. Natural gas injections, water injections and gas lift are used to enhance the reservoir pressure. In order to increase the mobility to help in the extraction, enhanced recovery methods are used. Enhanced recovery techniques heat the oil and reduce its viscosity making it easy to extract.
Source: Petropedia